AMC 8 1990 Problem 24

AMC8 1990 年第 24 题

方程与不等式★★★★☆
Three Δ\Delta 's and a ♢\diamondsuit will balance nine ∙\bullet 's. One Δ\Delta will balance a ♢\diamondsuit and a ∙\bullet .
How many ∙\bullet 's will balance the two ♢\diamondsuit 's in this balance?
三个 Δ\Delta 和一个 ♢\diamondsuit 能平衡九个 ∙\bullet。一个 Δ\Delta 能平衡一个 ♢\diamondsuit 和一个 ∙\bullet。
此天平中,多少个 ∙\bullet 能平衡两个 ♢\diamondsuit?
AMC 8 1990 Problem 24 figure
  1. A.1
  2. B.2
  3. C.3
  4. D.4
  5. E.5

正确答案 · Correct Answer

C

解析 · Solution

解法1

常规解法 · 代入替换 用两个平衡式 3△+♢=9∙3\triangle+\diamondsuit=9\bullet 与 △=♢+∙\triangle=\diamondsuit+\bullet。把第一式里每个 △\triangle 换成 ♢+∙\diamondsuit+\bullet:3(♢+∙)+♢=9∙3(\diamondsuit+\bullet)+\diamondsuit=9\bullet,即 4♢+3∙=9∙4\diamondsuit+3\bullet=9\bullet,得 4♢=6∙4\diamondsuit=6\bullet,即
2♢=3∙2\diamondsuit=3\bullet
两个 ♢\diamondsuit 平衡 3 个 ∙\bullet。

Solution 1

Elementary · substitution Use the balances 3△+♢=9∙3\triangle+\diamondsuit=9\bullet and △=♢+∙\triangle=\diamondsuit+\bullet. Replace each △\triangle in the first by ♢+∙\diamondsuit+\bullet: 3(♢+∙)+♢=9∙3(\diamondsuit+\bullet)+\diamondsuit=9\bullet, i.e. 4♢+3∙=9∙4\diamondsuit+3\bullet=9\bullet, so 4♢=6∙4\diamondsuit=6\bullet and
2♢=3∙.2\diamondsuit=3\bullet.
Two diamonds balance 3 dots.

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