AMC 8 1992 Problem 25

AMC8 1992 年第 25 题

数列与规律★★★★☆
One half of the water is poured out of a full container. Then one third of the remainder is poured out. Continue the process: one fourth of the remainder for the third pouring, one fifth of the remainder for the fourth pouring, etc. After how many pourings does exactly one tenth of the original water remain?
从一个装满水的容器中倒出一半的水。然后倒出剩余水的三分之一。继续这个过程:第三次倒出剩余的四分之一,第四次倒出剩余的五分之一,依此类推。经过多少次倾倒后,恰好剩下原来水量的十分之一?
  1. A.6
  2. B.7
  3. C.8
  4. D.9
  5. E.10

正确答案 · Correct Answer

D

解析 · Solution

解法1

常规解法 · 逐次列剩余 每次倒后剩余比例为:第 1 次后 12\tfrac12,第 2 次 12⋅23=13\tfrac12\cdot\tfrac23=\tfrac13,第 3 次 13⋅34=14\tfrac13\cdot\tfrac34=\tfrac14,…,第 nn 次后为 1n+1\tfrac1{n+1}。令 1n+1=110\tfrac1{n+1}=\tfrac1{10} 得 n=9。

Solution 1

Elementary · list the remainder each step List the remaining fraction after each pouring: after the 1st, 12\tfrac12; after the 2nd, 12⋅23=13\tfrac12\cdot\tfrac23=\tfrac13; after the 3rd, 13⋅34=14\tfrac13\cdot\tfrac34=\tfrac14; in general after the nnth it is 1n+1\tfrac1{n+1}. Setting 1n+1=110\tfrac1{n+1}=\tfrac1{10} gives n=9.

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